PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
The material can
based on physical and chemical.
The physical
properties can based on:
1. a substance are
mechanics (movement), can
be caused by external and internal factors
be caused by external and internal factors
2. thermal
(condition of an object →flexible, elastic,
hot, cold, hard, soft.
hot, cold, hard, soft.
3. conductivity.
4. magnetism.
5. original color.
6. state matter (gas,
solid, liquid)
The physical
properties based on mechanics properties:
include
every forms of movement
The physical
properties based on thermal properties are form of an object, includes shape,
size and density.
The physical
properties based on Conductivity,
is related to the capacity of an object
to transfer or transform an object with
certain from energy.
The material can based on physical and chemical.is related to the capacity of an object
to transfer or transform an object with
certain from energy.
The physical properties divided 2 based on
quantity (number) of object, There are:
quantity (number) of object, There are:
1. Extrinsic properties: consist of the produce
from the result of measurement.
from the result of measurement.
The example: Volume, high, long etc.
2. Intrinsic properties: consist of there are not
in quantities and unit in physical.
in quantities and unit in physical.
The example: smell, color, etc.
Chemical properties
The properties of chemise,
for example:
1. Mudah terbakar
(afire/flammable),
gasoline flammable
gasoline flammable
2. Berkarat (rust),
example iron rust
3. Busuk (decay), example
rice decay
4. Korosif (corrosive),
example copper corrosive
5. Mudah meledak
(explosive),
example sodium explosive
example sodium explosive
6. Beracun
(poisonous),
7. the change of atom
structure.
PHYSICAL CHANGE
1. There are not produce new substance.
2. There are not based on chemical reaction.
The physical change does not happen chemical reaction
The physical change does not happen chemical reaction
CHEMICAL CHANGE
1. There produce new substance.
2. There are based on chemical reaction.
The sign of chemical change are:
1. the change of color
2. find on sedimentation
3. produce of gas
Key word: Solution = Larutan;
Solubility = kelarutan;
Solute = zat terlarut;
Solvent = zat pelarut;
Equation = persamaan;
Equivalence = penyetaraan;
Abbreviation of generally for show the substance of shape on chemical reaction is :
1. solid (s)
2.
gas (g)
3. liquid (l)
4. solute in water (aq)
the each sign in chemical reaction, those are:1. The sign arrow to upward: (↑)
example : Fe(S)
+ S(S) → FeS(S)
↑
Atau
Δ
Fe(S) + S(S)
→ FeS(S)
Example: NaCl(aq) + AgNO3 (aq)
→ NaNO3(aq) +AgCl(S)
3. The sign of arrow to direct to down branching
CaCO3 +2HCl →CaCl2(aq)
+ H2CO3H2O CO2
4. The sign Tanda ΔH = is call delta H , its mean entalphi
ΔH = + KJ (ΔH valuable of positive) ; kJ= kilo joule
The mean reaction need heat, is call endoterm
Contoh : 2H2O→2H2 + O2, ΔH =+286 kJ
ΔH = - KJ (ΔH valuable of negative) ; kJ= kilo joule
The mean reaction produce heat, is call exoterm
Contoh : C + 02→CO2 , ΔH =-394 kJ
5. The molecule formula that write down on arrow.
Fe2O3
Example : N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3
Kinds of chemical reaction is
1. Fusion reaction
Example: 2H2(g) + O2(g)→2H2O(g)
2. Fision reaction
Example: 2H2O(l) → 2H2(g) + O2(g)
3. substitution reaction, there are 2 kinds, those are:
a. single substitution reaction
illustration: A + BC → B + AC (change of B)
example: Cu(S) + 2 AgNO3(aq) → 2 Ag + CU(NO3)2(aq)
b. double substitution reaction
illustration: AB + CD → AC + BD
1. Fusion reaction
Example: 2H2(g) + O2(g)→2H2O(g)
2. Fision reaction
Example: 2H2O(l) → 2H2(g) + O2(g)
3. substitution reaction, there are 2 kinds, those are:
a. single substitution reaction
illustration: A + BC → B + AC (change of B)
example: Cu(S) + 2 AgNO3(aq) → 2 Ag + CU(NO3)2(aq)
b. double substitution reaction
illustration: AB + CD → AC + BD
example : AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq)
→ AgCl + NaNO3(aq)
